(13*) An eminent position among these is held by virginity or the celibate state. Trid., l. c., Denz. The rest of the things which the sacred Council sets forth, inasmuch as they are the teaching of the Church's supreme magisterium, ought to be accepted and embraced by each and every one of Christ's faithful according to the mind of the sacred Council. It is through the Church that we encounter Christ, so it is through the Church that we realize our vocation, our meaning and our innermost truth. This was the way certain men and women assisted Paul the Apostle in the Gospel, laboring much in the Lord. The Commission has decided to preface the assessment of the Modi with the following general observations. When the work which the Father gave the Son to do on earth (9) was accomplished, the Holy Spirit was sent on the day of Pentecost in order that He might continually sanctify the Church, and thus, all those who believe would have access through Christ in one Spirit to the Father. Conc. 26-30. (202) Let them not, then, hide this hope in the depths of their hearts, but even in the program of their secular life let them express it by a continual conversion and by wrestling "against the world-rulers of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness.(203). Encycl. Haer, 111 24, 1: PG 7, 966 B; Harvey 2, 13i, ed. Fallen in Adam, God the Father did not leave men to themselves, but ceaselessly offered helps to salvation, in view of Christ, the Redeemer "who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature". 65. (207) Now Christ has communicated this royal power to His disciples that they might be constituted in royal freedom and that by true penance and a holy life they might conquer the reign of sin in themselves. The Father of mercies willed that the incarnation should be preceded by the acceptance of her who was predestined to be the mother of His Son, so that just as a woman contributed to death, so also a woman should contribute to life. (287) Thus Mary, a daughter of Adam, consenting to the divine Word, became the mother of Jesus, the one and only Mediator. "For just as in one body we have many members, yet all the members have not the same function, so we, the many, are one body in Christ, but severally members one of another". (7*) In like manner, these institutes may be left or committed to the charge of the proper patriarchical authority. Beda, In Lc. PL 78, 224. Hom. Therefore the promised restoration which we are awaiting has already begun in Christ, is carried forward in the mission of the Holy Spirit and through Him continues in the Church in which we learn the meaning of our terrestrial life through our faith, while we perform with hope in the future the work committed to us in this world by the Father, and thus work out our salvation. Id., Lin. Ambrosius, De Vidu s, 4, 23: PL 16, 241 s. (1) Cfr. As the assumed nature inseparably united to Him, serves the divine Word as a living organ of salvation, so, in a similar way, does the visible social structure of the Church serve the Spirit of Christ, who vivifies it, in the building up of the body. Piously meditating on her and contemplating her in the light of the Word made man, the Church with reverence enters more intimately into the great mystery of the Incarnation and becomes more and more like her Spouse. For their pastors know how much the laity contribute to the welfare of the entire Church. He does this not only through the hierarchy who teach in His name and with His authority, but also through the laity whom He made His witnesses and to whom He gave understanding of the faith (sensu fidei) and an attractiveness in speech(200) so that the power of the Gospel might shine forth in their daily social and family life. Whoever they are they are called upon, as living members, to expend all their energy for the growth of the Church and its continuous sanctification, since this very energy is a gift of the Creator and a blessing of the Redeemer. They direct the conferring of baptism, by which a sharing in the kingly priesthood of Christ is granted. By. (2) Praeter documenta antiquiora contra quamlibet formam evocationis spirituum inde ab Alexandro IV (27 sept. 1958), cfr Encycl. Ambrosiascr In I Tim. "College" is not understood in a strictly juridical sense, that is as a group of equals who entrust their power to their president, but as a stable group whose structure and authority must be learned from Revelation. The classes and duties of life are many, but holiness is onethat sanctity which is cultivated by all who are moved by the Spirit of God, and who obey the voice of the Father and worship God the Father in spirit and in truth. Alla vostra filfale. 16: PL 120, 561 C. Cfr. 66, 8: Hartel 111, 2, p. 733: .. Episcopus in Ecclesia et Ecclesia in Episcopo .. (32) Cfr. Established by Christ as a communion of life, charity and truth, it is also used by Him as an instrument for the redemption of all, and is sent forth into the whole world as the light of the world and the salt of the earth.(95). (251) By that same charity however, we are urged to live more for Him, who died for us and rose again. (50) By communicating His Spirit, Christ made His brothers, called together from all nations, mystically the components of His own Body. 38. (6) Cfr. Pius XI, Const. (12) Cfr. Satis cognitium, 29 iun. All men are called to be part of this catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. In the first place, the shepherds of Christ's flock must holily and eagerly, humbly and courageously carry out their ministry, in imitation of the eternal high Priest, the Shepherd and Guardian of our souls. 4:13. I Orient., c. 216-314: de Patriarchis; c. 324-399: de Archiepiscopis I maioribus; c. 362-391: de aliis dignitariis; in specie, c. 238 3; 216; 240; 251; 255: de Episcopis a Patriarch nominandis. 18 There is, first, that people to whom the covenants and promises were made, and from whom Christ was born according to the flesh (cf. 25, De invocatione Sanctorum: Denz. 1794 (3013). (51*) In any community of the altar, under the sacred ministry of the bishop,(52*) there is exhibited a symbol of that charity and "unity of the mystical Body, without which there can be no salvation. Ant. For no creature could ever be counted as equal with the Incarnate Word and Redeemer. [1] Sanggunian[baguhin| baguhin ang wikitext] (282), THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, MOTHER OF GOD IN THE MYSTERY OF CHRIST AND THE CHURCH, 52. 238 Cf Eph. Encycl. That divine mission, entrusted by Christ to the apostles, will last until the end of the world,(147) since the Gospel they are to teach is for all time the source of all life for the Church. (31) Cfr. as well as by arousing the ardent cooperation of the faithful. This diversity among its members arises either by reason of their duties, as is the case with those who exercise the sacred ministry for the good of their brethren, or by reason of their condition and state of life, as is the case with those many who enter the religious state and, tending toward holiness by a narrower path, stimulate their brethren by their example. 581. Conc. 37. Chrysostomus, In 2 Tim. Pius XII, Litt. (8*), Christ loves the Church as His bride, having become the model of a man loving his wife as his body;(68) the Church, indeed, is subject to its Head. Can., c. 487 et 488, 40. ; Bardy, 11, p. 66 ss. 6, 69 (ho hagios tou theou); Act. Ad coeli Reginam, 11 oct. 1954: AAS 46 (1954) p. 637. 1890 AAS 22 (1889-90) p. 392. (74) Constitutiones Ecclesiac aegyptiacae, III, 2: ed. In this way, the whole Church, strengthened by each one of its members, may more effectively fulfill is mission for the life of the world. 23, sacr. Since this is so, the religious state, whose purpose is to free its members from earthly cares, more fully manifests to all believers the presence of heavenly goods already possessed here below. The former is a duty; the latter a grace. 69, 6: PL 3, 1142 B; Hartel 3 B, p. 754: inseparabile unitatis sacramentum .. (2) Cfr. Pius XII, Nunius radioph., 24 oct. 1954: AAS 46 (1954) p. 679. In it parents should, by their word and example, be the first preachers of the faith to their children; they should encourage them in the vocation which is proper to each of them, fostering with special care vocation to a sacred state. S. Andreas Cret., Hom. Act. 184, a. Conc. . who in times past were not a people, but are now the people of God". Through the common sharing of gifts and through the common effort to attain fullness in unity, the whole and each of the parts receive increase. There is only one Spirit who, according to His own richness and the needs of the ministries, gives His different gifts for the welfare of the Church. S. Ambrosius, In Ps. Catech. He Himself stands as the author and consumator of this holiness of life: "Be you therefore perfect, even as your heavenly Father is perfect". de sacr. (54*) For "the partaking of the body and blood of Christ does nothing other than make us be transformed into that which we consume". Apost. Anastasius Antioch., Serm. Haerent animo, 4 aug. 1908: ASS 41 (1908) p. 560 s. Cod. Through their baptism and confirmation all are commissioned to that apostolate by the Lord Himself. (41*), And this infallibility with which the Divine Redeemer willed His Church to be endowed in defining doctrine of faith and morals, extends as far as the deposit of Revelation extends, which must be religiously guarded and faithfully expounded. (5) Cfr. nothing to dislike. (20) S. Ambrosius, l. c. et Expos. (10) Cfr. (165) Bishops, teaching in communion with the Roman Pontiff, are to be respected by all as witnesses to divine and Catholic truth. Trid., Sess. Therefore, by their competence in secular training and by their activity, elevated from within by the grace of Christ, let them vigorously contribute their effort, so that created goods may be perfected by human labor, technical skill and civic culture for the benefit of all men according to the design of the Creator and the light of His Word. also Modus 53, c. For the same reason, the words "Ordo" or "Corpus" are used throughout with reference to the College of bishops. Litt. Statuta Eccl. VIII: The Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God, in the Mys tery of Christ & of the Church (52-69) -Preface (52-54) a. Mary's relation to Christ in the divine plan of redemptive Incarnation (52) 1) God revealed that to save us He sent His Son "born of a woman" (Gal 4:4f) The prelate pleads in particular for "space for reflection" and a "mindset" that would allow the conciliar text on episcopal collegiality to be re-written in terms more consistent with the Tradition of the Church. 3, ad 1.) Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp. This is the one Church of Christ which in the Creed is professed as one, holy, catholic and apostolic, (12*) which our Saviour, after His Resurrection, commissioned Peter to shepherd,(74) and him and the other apostles to extend and direct with authority,(75) which He erected for all ages as "the pillar and mainstay of the truth". (5) Cfr. VI, allocutio in Concilio, die 4 dec. 1963: AAS 56 (1964) p. 37. Ioannes XXIII, Alloc. This maternity of Mary in the order of grace began with the consent which she gave in faith at the Annunciation and which she sustained without wavering beneath the cross, and lasts until the eternal fulfillment of all the elect. Every person must walk unhesitatingly according to his own personal gifts and duties in the path of living faith, which arouses hope and works through charity. Lumen gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is one of the principal documents of the Second Vatican Council. 62. The Catholic Church, taught by the Holy Spirit, honors her with filial affection and piety as a most beloved mother. The family is, so to speak, the domestic church. (180) For the sick and the sinners among the faithful, they exercise the ministry of alleviation and reconciliation and they present the needs and the prayers of the faithful to God the Father. The Second Vatican Council met from 1962 to 1965 in four sessions (October-December 1962, September-December 1963, September-November 1964, and September-December 1965). Cf. pp. In like manner the Episcopal bodies of today are in a position to render a manifold and fruitful assistance, so that this collegiate feeling may be put into practical application. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: AAS 21 (1888) p. 321. Cfr. Pius l II, Const. (13) Cfr. 1836 (3070) no. (184) intent always upon the welfare of God's children, they must strive to lend their effort to the pastoral work of the whole diocese, and even of the entire Church. (215) However, this holiness of the Church is unceasingly manifested, and must be manifested, in the fruits of grace which the Spirit produces in the faithful; it is expressed in many ways in individuals, who in their walk of life, tend toward the perfection of charity, thus causing the edification of others; in a very special way this (holiness) appears in the practice of the counsels, customarily called "evangelical." When we look at the lives of those who have faithfully followed Christ, we are inspired with a new reason for seeking the City that is to come (274) and at the same time we are shown a most safe path by which among the vicissitudes of this world, in keeping with the state in life and condition proper to each of us, we will be able to arrive at perfect union with Christ, that is, perfect holiness. Idem, Epist. This is beyond the measure of the commandments, but is done in order to become more fully like the obedient Christ. And in order that the episcopate itself might be one and undivided, He placed Blessed Peter over the other apostles, and instituted in him a permanent and visible source and foundation of unity of faith and communion. In the bishops, therefore, for whom priests are assistants, Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Supreme High Priest, is present in the midst of those who believe. ad Episcopol Geraniae, 12 mart. 967 (1777). 26. S. Irenaeus, Adv. (73) (11*). (19*) Nor does Divine Providence deny the helps necessary for salvation to those who, without blame on their part, have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God and with His grace strive to live a good life. Miserentissimus, 8 maii 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 178. 39. (9) Cfr. In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. 4, 1;-12: col. 387. 72, a. Vat. Christ, the great Prophet, who proclaimed the Kingdom of His Father both by the testimony of His life and the power of His words, continually fulfills His prophetic office until the complete manifestation of glory. The pope promulgated the document on November 21, 1964, during the third year of the council. In the human nature united to Himself the Son of God, by overcoming death through His own death and resurrection, redeemed man and re-molded him into a new creation. Relatio Kleutgen de Schemate reformato: Mansi S3, 321 B - 322 B et declaratio Zinelli: Mansi 52 1110 A. Vide etiam S. Leonem M. Scrm. Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: Lumen Gentium [Vatican II, Lumen Gentium] on Amazon.com. Encycl. Christ proposed to His disciples this form of life, which He, as the Son of God, accepted in entering this world to do the will of the Father. Eccl. (30) On that land the ancient olive tree grows whose holy roots were the Prophets and in which the reconciliation of Jews and Gentiles has been brought about and will be brought about. Those opinions therefore may be lawfully retained which are propounded in Catholic schools concerning her, who occupies a place in the Church which is the highest after Christ and yet very close to us. (280) Then the whole Church of the saints in the supreme happiness of charity will adore God and "the Lamb who was slain",(281) proclaiming with one voice: "To Him who sits upon the throne, and to the Lamb blessing, and honor, and glory, and dominion forever and ever". Ecclesiam Dei, 12 nov. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 581. For it must be admitted that the temporal sphere is governed by its own principles, since it is rightly concerned with the interests of this world. 15:28). The task of proclaiming the Gospel everywhere on earth pertains to the body of pastors, to all of whom in common Christ gave His command, thereby imposing upon them a common duty, as Pope Celestine in his time recommended to the Fathers of the Council of Ephesus. They must devote themselves with all their being to the glory of God and the service of their neighbor. Opera, Quaracchi, t. 8, 1898, p. 245 a. Pius XI, Litt. Encycl. (1*) While it transcends all limits of time and confines of race, the Church is destined to extend to all regions of the earth and so enters into the history of mankind. Moreover, by the sacraments, especially holy Eucharist, that charity toward God and man which is the soul of the apostolate is communicated and nourished. 1890: ASS 22 (1889-90) p. 397 ss. Haer. (6*) Among those various ministries which, according to tradition, were exercised in the Church from the earliest times, the chief place belongs to the office of those who, appointed to the episcopate, by a succession running from the beginning,(7*) are passers-on of the apostolic seed. (53) S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Mediator Dei 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947), paesertim p. 552 s. (7) I Cor. 24:45-48; Jn. Hacr. De fide catholica, cap. (159)(28*) This college, insofar as it is composed of many, expresses the variety and universality of the People of God, but insofar as it is assembled under one head, it expresses the unity of the flock of Christ. Finally, the Immaculate Virgin, preserved free from all guilt of original sin,(12*) on the completion of her earthly sojourn, was taken up body and soul into heavenly glory,(13*) and exalted by the Lord as Queen of the universe, that she might be the more fully conformed to her Son, the Lord of lords(297) and the conqueror of sin and death. 33. : ibid. She is "the mother of the members of Christ . summary. They also recognize and accept other sacraments within their own Churches or ecclesiastical communities. (16) De praxi effectiva consiliorum quae non omnibus imponitur, cfr. 3, 14; 4, 27 et 30;Hebr. onsist., 15 mart. 1 et 5. Una Ecclesia per totum mundum in multa membra divisa .. Epist. Deiparae, III: col. 361 D. S. Io. S. Augustinus, Bapt. Lc. (40*) This is even more clearly verified when, gathered together in an ecumenical council, they are teachers and judges of faith and morals for the universal Church, whose definitions must be adhered to with the submission of faith. S. Io. 55. Iur. The Drafting of 'Lumen Gentium'. Vat. "(53*) In these communities, though frequently small and poor, or living in the Diaspora, Christ is present, and in virtue of His presence there is brought together one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church. In the second chapter, an overview of the development of the discipline of theology of religions within the Roman Catholic tradition is presented. (39) Cfr. (230) From the earliest times, then, some Christians have been called uponand some will always be called uponto give the supreme testimony of this love to all men, but especially to persecutors. (20) Cfr. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own initiative. c. Donat. 27. Godefridus a S. Victore. Everything that has been said above concerning the People of God is intended for the laity, religious and clergy alike. Cfr. Trid., Sess. First, the title of the document known as the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: in Latin, it is titled Lumen Gentium, which means, "the light of the nations." This light is Jesus Christ. "(4*), 5. V, 23-24: GCS 11, 1, p. 488 ss. (4) To carry out the will of the Father, Christ inaugurated the Kingdom of heaven on earth and revealed to us the mystery of that kingdom. Funk, 1, p. 282. Due to the special circumstances of our time the foundations of this doctrine must be more thoroughly examined. 590-591. Tridentinum Sess. For even though it sometimes happens that religious do not directly mingle with their contemporaries, yet in a more profound sense these same religious are united with them in the heart of Christ and spiritually cooperate with them. At a lower level of the hierarchy are deacons, upon whom hands are imposed "not unto the priesthood, but unto a ministry of service. passim. 1: PG 98 (6), 340-348; Serm. He remains indeed in the bosom of the Church, but, as it were, only in a "bodily" manner and not "in his heart. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Lumen Gentium represents an important synthesis of Biblical, Patristic, medieval and Tridentine ecclesiology, combined with orthodox elements of the new theological movement. Eph. (98) For He has bought it for Himself with His blood,(99) has filled it with His Spirit and provided it with those means which befit it as a visible and social union. Magnificate Dominum, 2 nov. 1954: AAS 46 (1954) p. 669. Therefore in the Church, everyone whether belonging to the hierarchy, or being cared for by it, is called to holiness, according to the saying of the Apostle: "For this is the will of God, your sanctification". (225) Clerics, who are called by the Lord and are set aside as His portion in order to prepare themselves for the various ministerial offices under the watchful eye of spiritual shepherds, are bound to bring their hearts and minds into accord with this special election (which is theirs). 984 (1821) . II-II, q. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. A great many wonderful things are to be hoped for from this familiar dialogue between the laity and their spiritual leaders: in the laity a strengthened sense of personal responsibility; a renewed enthusiasm; a more ready application of their talents to the projects of their spiritual leaders. In this singular way she cooperated by her obedience, faith, hope and burning charity in the work of the Saviour in giving back supernatural life to souls. The central document of the Second Vatican Council was Lumen Gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church. in dorm. Specifically, we find in Lumen Gentium 25 the following: In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. (163), The canonical mission of bishops can come about by legitimate customs that have not been revoked by the supreme and universal authority of the Church, or by laws made or recognized be that the authority, or directly through the successor of Peter himself; and if the latter refuses or denies apostolic communion, such bishops cannot assume any office.(38*). And this is the infallibility which the Roman Pontiff, the head of the college of bishops, enjoys in virtue of his office, when, as the supreme shepherd and teacher of all the faithful, who confirms his brethren in their faith,(166) by a definitive act he proclaims a doctrine of faith or morals. The Virgin Mary, who at the message of the angel received the Word of God in her heart and in her body and gave Life to the world, is acknowledged and honored as being truly the Mother of God and Mother of the Redeemer. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. 12. This Temple, symbolized in places of worship built out of stone, is praised by the Holy Fathers and, not without reason, is compared in the liturgy to the Holy City, the New Jerusalem (5*). Deiparae: PG 86 (2), 3277-3312. Apost. 6, 1: cd. (17) S. Ambrosius, Epist. III, Const. Vous nous avez, 22 sept. 1956: AAS 48 (1956) p. 714. Chapter 1: The Roles of Bishops in Lumen Gentium; pp. (14) S. Augustinus, Civ. It is exercised under the guidance of the sacred teaching authority, in faithful and respectful obedience to which the people of God accepts that which is not just the word of men but truly the word of God. Virg. Lumen Gentium Summary Understanding what the Church is helps us understanding role & mission of Church Church as sign & instrument of God Fellowship or communion as Church reflects communion or fellowship found within the Trinity ALL are called to holiness, with Mary as example of response to this call Lumen Gentiumlays ground work for 24. Leo XIII, Epist. Indeed through Baptism a person dies to sin and is consecrated to God. 124. Encycl. (7) Cfr. 1, 8: PG 96, 712 BC-713 A. Funk, I, p. 218. Conc. (42) Cfr. This same state of life is accurately exemplified and perpetually made present in the Church. 5, 22; 2 Tim. 45. Encycl. It has been argued that, in fact, all the In other words, it is not a distinction between the Roman Pontiff and the bishops taken collectively, but a distinction between the Roman Pontiff taken separately and the Roman Pontiff together with the bishops. Chrysostomus n Eph. ; ed. The individual bishops, who are placed in charge of particular churches, exercise their pastoral government over the portion of the People of God committed to their care, and not over other churches nor over the universal Church. dogm. S.Hieronymus, Adv. 31. In his consecration a person is given an ontological participation in the sacred functions [munera]; this is absolutely clear from Tradition, liturgical tradition included. S. Augustinus Retract. I will give my law in their bowels, and I will write it in their heart, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people . These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). Pius XII, Litt. That discernment in matters of faith is aroused and sustained by the Spirit of truth. (1) Credo in Missa Romana: Symbolum Constantinopolitanum: Mansi 3, 566. 11, 340. Thus in their diversity all bear witness to the wonderful unity in the Body of Christ. 4, 6 s. coll. Funk, I, p. 252. Since this is so, the spiritual life of these people should then be devoted to the welfare of the whole Church. S. Irenaeus, Adv. 3; Trall. Can. II-II, q. de fide cath. 13-16. (1*) These religious families give their members the support of a more firm stability in their way of life and a proven doctrine of acquiring perfection. (65) He continually distributes in His body, that is, in the Church, gifts of ministries in which, by His own power, we serve each other unto salvation so that, carrying out the truth in love, we might through all things grow unto Him who is our Head. Cf. . For it is the duty of all bishops to promote and to safeguard the unity of faith and the discipline common to the whole Church, to instruct the faithful to love for the whole mystical body of Christ, especially for its poor and sorrowing members and for those who are suffering persecution for justice's sake,(160) and finally to promote every activity that is of interest to the whole Church, especially that the faith may take increase and the light of full truth appear to all men. in dorm. (17*), Our union with the Church in heaven is put into effect in its noblest manner especially in the sacred Liturgy, wherein the power of the Holy Spirit acts upon us through sacramental signs. (7) Cfr. 3913 ss. I. Schema De Ecclesia Christi, cap. Mystici Corporis Christi is a papal encyclical issued by Pope Pius XII on June 29, 1943, during World War II, which affirms that the Church is the Mystical Body of Christ. 839. 22: Denz. 247-248. Marc. Each individual layman must stand before the world as a witness to the resurrection and life of the Lord Jesus and a symbol of the living God. Read more. 46. Conc. Whosoever, therefore, knowing that the Catholic Church was made necessary by Christ, would refuse to enter or to remain in it, could not be saved. Ephesinum, ib. Vatican II document, Lumen Gentium . (11*) In the lives of those who, sharing in our humanity, are however more perfectly transformed into the image of Christ,(275) God vividly manifests His presence and His face to men. 20, 2: P. 62, 136 ss. 42. It is the duty of the ecclesiastical hierarchy to regulate the practice of the evangelical counsels by law, since it is the duty of the same hierarchy to care for the People of God and to lead them to most fruitful pastures. 22 ( 1889-90 ) p. 560 s. Cod in Missa Romana: Constantinopolitanum!, 8: PG 86 ( 2 ) Praeter documenta antiquiora contra quamlibet formam evocationis spirituum ab. 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